Allergy to fruits

Fruits are a large and heterogeneous group of foods that may cause severe allergy symptoms in sensitive people.
 Allergy to fresh fruit and other foods is basically done through clinical observations, including checking the intensity or reduction of symptoms, respectively, after consuming or removing the suspected fruit or food, and in some cases, laboratory tests.

Oral allergy syndrome, sometimes called food pollen syndrome, is caused by consumption of fresh fruits and is one of the most common food allergies in adults.
The most common allergenic fruits include kiwi, peaches, grapes, melons, cantaloupe, cherries, strawberries, bananas, and apples.  

The diagnosis of these types of allergies is not considered in some cases for some reasons. Oral allergy syndrome is not severe in most cases, and its symptoms include swelling of the lips and tongue, itching of the mouth and throat, itching of the neck, or itching of the eyes.
Of course, symptoms such as nausea or vomiting, confusion, hives, feeling of pressure in the throat, or difficulty in breathing may also be observed due to allergies to fruits or some food items. The diagnosis of fruit allergy is usually indirect and after the patients go to their doctor due to another disease (for example, allergy to plant pollen) and usually they do not express their allergy symptoms to fruits or vegetables unless That they are asked. Of course, sometimes the diagnosis of allergy to fruits due to the instability of commercial extracts and also the biological activity of fruit allergens in these extracts, which are used to identify the cause of allergy in patients, causes a failure to diagnose the allergy to fruit in the patient.
 In any case, it is important to diagnose allergies because it may aggravate the symptoms of plant pollen allergy or cause systemic and dangerous reactions in a person.
In addition, investigation and study on the allergy caused by fruits and fresh plant food is the basis for increasing our understanding of the mechanisms that cause food allergy and the cross-reaction between different foods.

Today, food allergy and a type of it, that is, allergy to fresh fruits, is considered as one of the global health problems, especially in western countries, and like other allergic disorders, its prevalence seems to be increasing.
Allergic reactions following the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables are often observed in patients sensitive to plant pollen.
Symptoms in most cases include oral allergy syndrome, although severe allergic reactions are also reported in some cases.
Some of the most important plant pollen allergens have locations similar to the allergenic locations in some fruits and vegetables.
For example, the main birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1, is similar to and cross-reactive with proteins in hazelnuts, apples, beans, soybeans, bell peppers, and celery.
In other words, a person who is allergic to the pollen of this plant may experience allergic reactions when consuming the aforementioned foods.
It is now known that the allergenic protein “profilin” of birch pollen, which is also found in some other weeds, with a wide range of fruits and vegetables, including peanuts, hazelnuts, celery, tomatoes, kiwi, soybeans. And apple is similar and gives a cross reaction.
Also, the main allergen (allergen) of the pollen of some weeds in nature is similar to proteins in tomatoes, kiwi, sunflower, wheat, corn and poppy seeds, and they cause allergic reactions.
Also, Mugwort pollen has a type of general allergen (Panallergan) called Art v 1, which is responsible for a significant number of cross-allergic reactions with fruits and vegetables.

Source: Comprehensive Allergy Network website (allergycomnet.ir)